What is a sensor? How do you classify sensors? Discuss various sensor

applications in Smart Cities.

A sensor is a device that detects and responds to some type of input from the physical environment. The specific input could be light, heat, motion, moisture, pressure, or any one of many other environmental phenomena. The output is generally a signal that is converted to human-readable display at the sensor location or transmitted electronically over a network for reading or further processing.

Classification of Sensors:

1. Based on the Principle of Operation:
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