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A paradigm shift refers to a fundamental transformation in the conceptual framework through which a subject is understood. The term was popularized by Thomas S. Kuhn in *The Structure of Scientific Revolutions*, where he described it as a radical change in the dominant assumptions, methods, standards, and practices that govern a discipline. A paradigm is more than a theory; it is a comprehensive worldview that shapes what counts as legitimate questions, acceptable methods, and valid explanations. When anomalies accumulate within an existing paradigm and cannot be resolved by conventional means, a crisis emerges. The adoption of a new framework that resolves these anomalies marks a paradigm shift. Although Kuhn developed this idea in the context of science, it has been widely applied to philosophy, including epistemology and the philosophy of language. In epistemology, a paradigm shift alters the very conception of knowledge, truth, justification, and meaning. Such shifts are evident in the transition from rationalism to empiricism, from foundationalism to coherentism, and from representational theories of knowledge to pragmatic and linguistic approaches. The twentieth century witnessed what is often called the "linguistic turn," in which philosophers increasingly regarded language as central to philosophical inquiry. Within this broader movement, Ludwig Wittgenstein's later philosophy, especially his Language Game Theory presented in *Philosophical Investigations*, is frequently regarded as a paradigm shift in the philosophy of language. To understand why Wittgenstein's theory may be considered a paradigm shift, it is necessary to distinguish between his early and later philosophical positions. In his early work, *Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus*, Wittgenstein defended the Picture Theory ____ _________ _________ _________ ______ ______ _____ _________ ____ ________.
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