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A dequeue (pronounced "deck") or double-ended queue is a linear data structure that allows insertion and deletion of elements from both ends, i.e., the front and the rear. Unlike a standard queue, which is a First-In-First-Out (FIFO) structure, a dequeue provides more flexibility in managing the data as it supports both FIFO and LIFO (Last-In-First-Out) behaviors. There are two types of deques: 1. Input-restricted deque: Insertion is allowed at only one end (rear), but deletion can be done from both ends. 2. Output-restricted deque: Deletion is allowed at only one end (front), but insertion can be done from both ends. Deques can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. Here, the array-based implementation is used for simplicity. Let us define the basic structure of the __________ __________ ____ _______ __________.
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