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The Constitution of India recognizes the historical disadvantages and marginalization faced by Scheduled Tribes (STs) and provides multiple safeguards to ensure their social, economic, and educational development. These safeguards are designed to promote equality, protect tribal identity, and integrate tribal communities into the mainstream without eroding their cultural distinctiveness. Article 15(4) and 15(5) empower the state to make special provisions for the advancement of socially and educationally backward classes, including STs, allowing reservations in educational institutions and public employment. Article 16(4) specifically provides for reservations in government jobs to ensure adequate representation of STs in the civil services and public sector, thereby enabling them to participate in governance and economic decision-making. Articles 46 and 275 further emphasize the state’s responsibility to promote the welfare of Scheduled Tribes. Article 46 under the Directive __________ ______ ______ ________ ___ _______ ____ ___.
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