What are microarrays? Explain their applications. What are the main technologies used in microarrays?

A microarray is a laboratory tool used to detect the expression of thousands of genes at the same time. DNA microarrays are microscope slides that are printed with thousands of tiny spots in defined positions, with each spot containing a known DNA sequence or gene. Often, these slides are referred to as gene chips or DNA chips. The DNA molecules attached to each slide act as probes to detect gene expression, which is also known as the transcriptome or the set of messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts expressed by a group of genes.

The microarray has many applications and functions mainly in the field of medicine and related areas. In addition, it is not possible to limit its uses to the current applications. Scientists worldwide are involved in research on this topic, and there is hope for further developments to widen the applications of the microarray technique. The microarray is currently used ______ ___ _________ ____ __________ _________ ___ _____ _____ _______ _________.
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