What are active and passive attacks? Explain with suitable example.

Active and passive attacks are two broad categories of security threats that affect computer systems, particularly in the context of business operations and data protection. Both types of attacks target the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data and systems, but they differ significantly in their approach and consequences.

Active Attacks:

An active attack is one where the attacker actively engages in altering, disrupting, or manipulating the system, data, or communication in real time. The main objective of active attacks is to modify or destroy data, cause a denial of service, or otherwise interfere with the normal functioning of a system or network. Active attacks are typically aggressive and can result in direct harm to the system and its users.

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