There are numbers of cryptographic protocols used for securing a network communication. Write few of the popular secured cryptographic protocols.

Cryptographic standard-conforming protocols such as IPSec, SSL (soon to be TLS), SSH, S/MIME, OpenPGP/GnuPG/PGP, and Kerberos. Each has advantages and disadvantages; many of them overlap somewhat in functionality, but each tends to be used in different areas:

Internet Protocol Security (IPSec). IPSec provides encryption and/or authentication at the IP packet level. However, IPSec is often used in a way that only guarantees authenticity of two communicating hosts, not of the users. As a practical matter, IPSec usually requires low-level support from the operating system (which not all implement) and an additional keyring server that must be configured. Since IPSec can be used as a "tunnel" to secure packets belonging to multiple users and multiple hosts, it is especially useful for building a Virtual Private Network (VPN) and connecting a remote machine. As of this time, it is much less often used to secure communication from individual clients to servers. The new version of the Internet Protocol, IPv6, comes with IPSec “built in,” but IPSec also works with the more common IPv4 protocol. Note that if you use IPSec, don’t use the encryption mode without the authentication, because the authentication also acts as integrity protection.

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