Question

“The Heckscher- Ohlin theory explains the real cause of comparative costs difference”, discuss the theorem with reference to its assumptions.

22 Jul 2024
Answer :
Word Count : 544

The Heckscher-Ohlin (H-O) theory, developed by Swedish economists Eli Heckscher and Bertil Ohlin, extends the concept of comparative advantage by explaining differences in comparative costs based on the factor endowments of countries. This theory posits that a country will specialize in and export goods that use its abundant and cheap factors of production, while importing goods that use its scarce factors. Here's a discussion of the H-O theory, particularly focusing on its assumptions and how it elucidates the reasons behind comparative cost differences.

### Theoretical Background

The H-O theory builds on David Ricardo’s theory of comparative advantage but introduces a more detailed perspective by incorporating factors of production. According to the H-O theory, the relative abundance of factors such as labor and capital in different countries determines their comparative advantage. Thus, countries are expected to export ________ ________ ____ ____ _______ ________ _________ _______ _________.
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