Tendulkar has made use of song, dance, music, mime, dialogue and narration in the play Ghashiram Kotwal. Illustrate the extent to which these elements contribute to the total effect of the play. 

The dramatic techniques used by Tendulkar in Ghashiram Kotwal are music and dance and the use of folk forms. These techniques are described as follows: Music and Dance Folk theatre makes use of song, dance and music. 

No other major playwright before Tendulkar had made such extensive and innovative use of folk theatre.

 In addition to the songs and music, Dr. Jabbar Patel also madeuse of humming so that we have what Vasantrao Deshpande, a classical singer and composer himself calls 'the first sangeet natak in the real sense of the term'. 

Ghashiram Kotwal begins with a devotional song and Ganpati, Saraswati and Lakshmi come in dancing. This immediately establishes a link with Dashavatar (a form of folk theatre) which begins with these three deities.

This opening ritual also has links with classical Sanskrit drama and likewise has a certain function; this is, to arouse the interest of the audience, instill a feeling of seriousness in them and to arrest their attention. Here we do not have music for its own sake. According to Pushpa Bhave,  

 In a lecture, the music director of the successful Marathi production Bhaskar Chandavarkar has said that the music in the beginning of the play was used innocuously in the Shri Ganaraya song.

 But after the Intermission, when Ghashiram has become the Kotwal, the music for the same song becomes much more revolutionary: 

There are some of the functions performed by the use of music, song and dance: 'he use of traditional songs and dances effectively sets the background of the decadence of the Peshwas' Poona of the eighteenth century;B The strategic placement of songs and music help to provide dramatic relief after an unusually tense situation; 

Music and dance sometimes serve to reinforce the tense atmosphere, as Satish ________ ___ __________ _____ _________ ________ ___ ____.
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