Role of UN Security Council in upholding IHL Principles during Non-international Armed Conflicts during last Decade

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) plays a pivotal role in maintaining international peace and security, including the upholding of International Humanitarian Law (IHL) principles. IHL, also known as the law of armed conflict, is a set of rules that seek to limit the effects of armed conflict for humanitarian reasons. It is grounded in the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols, and is designed to protect those who are not participating directly in hostilities, such as civilians, prisoners of war, and the wounded. While IHL applies to both international and non-international armed conflicts, it is during non-international armed conflicts (NIACs) that the Security Council’s role becomes especially crucial.

Non-international armed conflicts, involving at least one non-state actor in armed conflict with a state, have increasingly become the norm in the 21st century. These conflicts, which often take place within a state's borders, involve a variety of actors such as rebel groups, militias, and even terrorist organizations, making them complex and difficult to manage. The principles of IHL, which include distinction, proportionality, and necessity, are designed to regulate the conduct of hostilities and protect those affected by armed conflict, but their implementation can be particularly challenging in NIACs. The role of the UNSC in upholding these principles has evolved over the past decade, responding to the changing dynamics of global conflict and the increasing importance of international law in conflict resolution.

### Role of the UNSC in Upholding IHL in Non-International Armed Conflicts

The UNSC's primary function is to maintain international peace and security, as outlined in the UN Charter. _____ ______ ________ ______ ___ _________ _________.
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