Read the following passage and answer the questions given below.
A 20th Century Killer Disease: Cancer
Better feeding and improved medical services reduce the likelihood of death from transmissible disease but, by enabling people to live longer, create situation in which the tissues of the body have time to degenerate. Thus in situations developed and industrialized communities, the incidences of coronary heart disease and cancer have increased during this century and are most prevalent among the age group 45-65. A century ago, the number of people living through this age range was little more than half of what it is today.
Understanding of the nature and cause of cancer is increasing as more is discovered about the way in which cell division is controlled. Epidemiological studies suggest that there is a relationship between the incidence of certain forms of cancer and chemicals which are thought to induce abnormal cell division. These chemicals that induce cancer are called carcinogens.
Thus, the tars that are distilled out of burning tobacco and inhaled during smoking are associated with a higher incidence of lung cancer in heavy smokers than in on-smokers, and also with cancer of the digestive tract and bladder. This is not to say that non-smokers are immune to such cancers, but that they appear to be significantly less likely to develop them. The cancer-producing (carcinogenic) effect of such tars has long since been demonstrated on laboratory animals.
Cancer most commonly occurs in those tissues in which cell division is a normal activity. Such tissues include the skin, where cell division ensures the replacement of cells that are worn by physical contact; the liver, in which cells damaged during the detoxication of poisonous are replaced; and all kinds of epithelium or lining cell such as those lining the stomach and bladder, which are also worn away during normal activity.
(From: Introduction to human and social biology, by Mackean and Jones)
a) Discuss the answer to these questions. Bringing your own opinions and knowledge.
i) What is cancer?
ii) One hundred years ago, relatively few people died of cancer. Why is this?
iii) What is a carcinogen? Give at least one example.
iv) Why are heavy smokers more likely to suffer from cancer than non-smokers?
v) Which tissues of the body appear to be more vulnerable to cancer than others?
Why is this?

i) Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth. In this condition, cells divide abnormally, forming tumors that can spread to other parts of the body. It occurs when the normal regulation of cell division is disrupted, often due to genetic mutations or exposure to harmful substances. Cancer can affect various tissues and organs in the body, leading to a range of symptoms depending on the location ____ _______ _____ ________ _______ _______ ____ _________ ________ __________ ___.
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