Programmed I/O

Programmed I/O (Input/Output) refers to a method of managing data transfer between a computer's central processing unit (CPU) and external devices, such as storage devices, displays, or network interfaces. In this approach, the CPU takes direct control over the data transfer process, without relying on specialized hardware components like DMA (Direct Memory Access) controllers.

Here's how Programmed I/O works:

1. Initiation: The CPU sends a command to the I/O device, specifying the action to be taken (e.g., read or write) and the _____ ______ ____ _______ _______ __________ _______ __________ ______ ___ ______ __________.
   ________ ___ ___ __________ ___ ________ ____.
   ________ ______ ___ ________ ______.
   _____ ____ _______ _______ ___ _______.
   _______ ________ ___ ______ ____.
   _____ _____ _________ ______ ______ _______ _____ ____ _________.
   ________ ______ ______ ____ _______ ___ _______ ___ ____ _____ ________ ______.
   _________ ________ _______ __________ ________ _______ ________ ____.
   __________ _______ _____ _______ ________ _____ _______ ____.
   __________ ___ ________ ______ ________ ________ _______ ______ ___ ______ _______ ___.
   _________ _________ _____ ___ _________ ___ ___ ________ _____.
   ____ _____ ___ ___ _____ _________ ___ __________ _____ _________ _____.
   ____ ____ ___ _________ _____.
   _____ ______ _______ ______ ______ ____ _____ ____ ________.
   ___ __________ ____ _________ _____ _______.
   ________ _________ ____ _____ _______ _______ __________ _________ __________.
   _____ ______ _______ ____ _______ _____ _____ _________.
   ______ __________ __________ __________ ________ _______ ____ ___ ____ ________.
   ________ _____ __________ _________ ______ ____ ________ ___.
   _____ ______ __________ _______ __________ __________ ________.
   ___ _______ ______ _______ ____ _______.
   ________ _______ _____ _______ ________ ___ ________ _________ ________.
   ______ _____ _________ __________ ___ ________ ___ ________ ________ ________.
   ____ _______ _____ _______ ___ _________ ___ _________.
   ______ ___ _________ ___ ______ _________.
   _______ ____ ____ ________ ________ ____ ____ ____.
   ___ ___ _____ __________ ___ _________ ________ ____.
   _____ ____ ______ ________ ____ ______ __________ ____ ____ _____.
   ________ ___ ______ ______ __________ _____ _________ ___ ________ ____ _________ _________.
   _______ _________ __________ _______ ______ _____.
   _________ _____ ________ ____ ________ _______ ________.
   ________ ____ ________ ___ ________ ______ ___ _________.
   _____ _________ ___ ______ ______ _____.
   ________ _________ ______ _______ _________ ________ _______ _____.
   _____ _________ ____ _____ _______ _________.
   _______ ___ ___ ____ ____ _____.
   _____ _______ ___ _______ _______ ______ ________.
   __________ ________ _____ ____ __________ _____ ____ ________ ____ _________ ___.
   _____ __________ ________ ____ ________ ______ _________ _____ ______ ________.
   ___ _____ ___ ___ ___ ___ ______.
   __________ ___ ______ ______ ______ _____ ______.
   ______.
   Get Full Answer on WhatsApp