Present the models of social action.

Social Welfare Administration and Social Action are two essential aspects of social work practice aimed at bringing social change and development. Social action is a method of social work that focuses on bringing structural changes in society by influencing policies, institutions, and societal attitudes. It aims at promoting social justice and empowerment of marginalized sections of society. Different models of social action have been developed by scholars and practitioners to achieve these goals effectively.

Models of Social Action

Various models of social action have emerged based on different ideologies, strategies, and approaches. These models help in understanding the processes through which social change can be achieved. Some of the prominent models of social action are as follows:

1. Gandhian Model of Social Action

The Gandhian model of social action is based on the principles of truth, non-violence, and self-reliance. Mahatma Gandhi advocated a peaceful, non-violent approach to bringing social and political change. The key aspects of this model include:

• Satyagraha (Truth and Non-Violence): It involves peaceful protests, non-cooperation, and civil disobedience to challenge injustice.
• Sarvodaya (Welfare of All): The ultimate aim is the upliftment of all sections of society, especially the poor and marginalized.
• Constructive Work: Emphasis is placed on self-reliance, rural development, and eradication of social evils like untouchability and illiteracy.
• Community Participation: People are encouraged to take responsibility for their development through voluntary efforts ______ _______ ________ _____ _________ ________ ________ _________ __________ _____ _________.
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