Read the following passage and make notes based on it. Give a title to the passage.
In today’s competitive environment what is vital for a child’s growth is self-esteem. Examining the causes of aggression, bullying, withdrawal and failure we discover lack of self-esteem to be the root of anti-social behavior. As parents and teachers we are responsible for the mental development and confidence levels of a child. If a child is constantly rebuked and told that he’s a failure, his self-worth hits rock bottom. Unthinkingly we call our children “stupid”, “idiotic” and “irresponsible” and this has a significant impact on their tender psyches. If we have a positive view of our children, they are likely to feel the same about themselves. Help children feel good about themselves, and think highly of themselves. Children will value themselves if their parents value them. Parents are the most influential role models children have. Whatever values and beliefs we want our children to learn, those are the beliefs and values we have to live our lives by. When you understand and accept yourself, it helps you understand and accept others. As a parent or a teacher, you have a great influence over the self-esteem of your child. For the first four or five years, parents are the most important contributors. When children start school, teachers and friends become important. Once they reach adolescence, peer groups play a greater role in steering a child’s self-esteem. As Thomas D. Yarnell, a Clinical Psychologist says: “Self-esteem refers to how you feel about yourself. It includes such things as your self-confidence, self-respect, your independence and your self-reliance. All the ways you feel about yourself and your abilities are wrapped up in the term self-esteem.” Self-esteem has to be nurtured during infancy. If the infant feels well taken care of s/he will feel that the world is a loving place and s/he is an important being. One must avoid expecting too much or too little from children, criticizing, (especially in front of people) not showing appreciation, calling children clumsy, thoughtless, stupid or lazy, telling them that they are failures, overprotecting or neglecting them. To improve their self-esteem, we must praise successes, show affection, show interest in their activities, projects, or problems, we must tell children what to do instead of what not to do
Fill in the blanks with appropriate modals given below. You may use these modals more than once.
shouldn’t might would
needn’t should could
i It’s surprising that the teacher only scolded Rina, she have been punished more severely for doing what she did.
ii Why didn’t you tell me that you were eating at your friend’s house,------------------ I have cooked so much food.
iii You are silly to go to the deep end of the swimming pool, you ---------------------have drowned.
iv I --------------------------have got up so early in the morning.
v You have shouted at him, he is really upset.
vi I----------------------------- have reached the party on time, nobody arrived for a long time.
vii Why didn’t you come by the Metro. It--------------------------- have been easy for me to pick you from the station.
viii-------------------------- You have taken shelter under a tree, you have been struck by lightening.
ix ---------------------------You have borrowed my book without asking me.
x you mind passing the salt, please?