Question
On the basis of Fresnel diffraction integral, discuss the conditions which differentiate between Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction.
Answer :
Word Count : 351
Fresnel diffraction is derived from the Huygens-Fresnel principle, where the complex amplitude at a point (P) on the observation screen is given by the Fresnel-Kirchhoff integral: [ U(P) = \frac{e^{ikr}}{i \lambda r} \iint_{\text{aperture}} U_0(x',y') e^{i k \frac{(x-x')^2 + (y-y')^2}{2r}} dx' dy' ] Here, (U_0(x',y')) is the amplitude at the aperture, (r) is the distance from the aperture point ((x',y')) to the observation point ((x,y)), (k = 2\pi/\lambda) is the wave ______ ___ _____ ___ ____ ________ ________ ______ ___ ____ __________.
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Fresnel diffraction is derived from the Huygens-Fresnel principle, where the complex amplitude at a point (P) on the observation screen is given by the Fresnel-Kirchhoff integral: [ U(P) = \frac{e^{ikr}}{i \lambda r} \iint_{\text{aperture}} U_0(x',y') e^{i k \frac{(x-x')^2 + (y-y')^2}{2r}} dx' dy' ] Here, (U_0(x',y')) is the amplitude at the aperture, (r) is the distance from the aperture point ((x',y')) to the observation point ((x,y)), (k = 2\pi/\lambda) is the wave ______ ___ _____ ___ ____ ________ ________ ______ ___ ____ __________.
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