Question

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)

20 Jul 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 515
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a unique form of genetic material found within the mitochondria, the energy-producing organelles of human cells. Unlike nuclear DNA, which is inherited from both parents, mtDNA is transmitted almost exclusively through the maternal line. This distinctive pattern of inheritance has made mtDNA an important tool for studying biological diversity, human evolution, population history, and patterns of migration among human populations. Mitochondrial DNA is a small, circular genome containing genes essential for mitochondrial function and energy production. Since mitochondria are inherited from the mother, all individuals in a maternal lineage share similar mtDNA sequences. However, small changes or mutations accumulate ___ _______ ___ ________ ___ ____.
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