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Maquene synthesis is an important method for preparing substituted cyclohexanones through the intramolecular cyclization of dicarboxylic esters or keto esters under strongly acidic conditions. The reaction typically involves heating β-keto esters or related compounds with concentrated sulfuric acid, which promotes dehydration followed by rearrangement. The key mechanistic step is the formation of a resonance-stabilized carbocation intermediate that undergoes electrophilic attack on an internal ________ ________ _____ __________ _____.
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