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Colonialism had a profound and transformative impact on Bharatiya craft traditions, affecting not only the economic conditions of artisans but also the cultural perception, social status, and continuity of traditional knowledge systems. Before colonial rule, crafts in Bharat were an integral part of the social, cultural, and economic fabric of society. Craft production was organized through hereditary guilds, caste-based occupations, and regional traditions, and it functioned within a decentralized but highly efficient system of local economies. Artisans such as weavers, potters, metal workers, carpenters, stone carvers, and painters were respected contributors to society, and their skills were transmitted through generations as part of living traditions. The arrival of colonial powers, particularly the British, significantly altered this structure by introducing new economic policies, industrial goods, and cultural attitudes that reshaped the craft sector. One of the most immediate impacts of colonialism on Bharatiya crafts was economic disruption. The British colonial administration reorganized the Indian economy to serve the needs of industrial Britain. India, which had previously been a major exporter of fine textiles, handicrafts, and artisanal goods, was gradually turned into a supplier of raw materials and a market for machine-made British products. Traditional crafts, especially the textile industry, __________ _________ ________ ____ _______.
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