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Image enhancement techniques in remote sensing and digital image processing are fundamental for improving the visual interpretability of images and extracting meaningful information. These techniques aim to highlight certain features, suppress unwanted information, and improve the quality of images for further analysis. Broadly, image enhancement techniques can be classified into spatial domain techniques and frequency domain techniques. Spatial domain techniques operate directly on the pixel values of the image. One of the simplest methods is contrast stretching, which expands the range of intensity levels in an image to enhance the contrast. Linear contrast stretching linearly maps input intensities to a wider output range, whereas non-linear methods like logarithmic or exponential transformations can enhance details in specific intensity ranges. Histogram equalization is another widely used spatial technique where ______ ______ ___ ___ __________ _______.
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