Explain various measures taken during second phase of urban policy measures.

Achieving balanced urban growth through dispersing populations in smaller urbancentres was the overriding thrust of the 4th Plan (1969-74). This was to preventthe concentration of population in metropolitan cities such as Delhi, Bombay,Calcutta and Madras. The creation of small towns and ensuring the spatial locationof economic activity in a planned manner consistent with the objectives of thePlan was underscored.

The Plan articulated the need for urban land policy at the state level and providedspecific guidelines for the formulation of the same. It recommended that -thestate level urban policies should aim at:

a) The optimum use of land;b) Making land available to weaker sections;

c) Checking the concentration of land ownership, rising land values andspeculation of land; and

d) Allowing land to be used as a resource for financing the implementation ofcity development plans.

In 1970, the Housing and Urban Development Corporation (HUDCO) was set up to provide loans to urban development authorities and state housing boardsfor housing and other development projects such as infrastructure development,land acquisition and essential services. One of the main goals of the HUDCOwas the “promotion of housing for the persons belonging to low income groupsand economically weaker sections” .The Central Government launched theEnvironmental Improvement of Urban Slums (EIUS) scheme in 1972-73 toprovide a minimum level of services, such as, water supply, sewerage, drainage,pavements in 11 cities with a population of 8 lakhs and above. The scheme waslater extended to 9 more cities. In 1973, towards the end of the fourth ______ __________ _____ ______ ___ ____ __________ _____ _____ _______ ___ __________.
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