Explain transformer construction with suitable diagram.

A transformer is an electrical device used to transfer electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. It plays a crucial role in the power distribution system by stepping up or stepping down the voltage to appropriate levels for efficient power transmission and distribution.

Basic Construction of a Transformer

A typical transformer consists of several key components:

1. Core: The transformer core is made of laminated sheets of silicon steel or other magnetic materials to minimize eddy current losses. The core is the central part of the transformer that provides a path for the magnetic flux. It is usually designed in the form of a closed loop to maintain the magnetic flux within the transformer and to enhance efficiency. The core is divided into two parts: primary and secondary cores. The primary winding is connected to the input side, while the secondary winding is connected to the output side.

2. Windings: There are two types of windings in a transformer:

   • Primary Winding: This is the winding that receives electrical energy from the input source. The number ________ _______ ______ __________ ___ ________ _____.
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