Word Count : 1349

---

# The Theory of Rasa in Bharata’s Natyashastra Bharata’s Natyashastra is one of the foundational texts of classical Indian theatre and aesthetics. Composed as a comprehensive treatise on drama, dance, music, acting, stagecraft and theatrical performance, it provides a systematic account of how dramatic art produces aesthetic pleasure in the spectator. At the centre of Bharata’s dramatic theory is the concept of Rasa, literally meaning “taste,” “flavour,” or “essence.” Rasa is the aesthetic relish experienced by a sensitive spectator when the emotions represented through dramatic performance are transformed into a universal and enjoyable artistic experience. Bharata’s famous formulation, “Vibhavanubhavyavyabhicarisamyogad rasanishpattih,” explains that Rasa arises through the combination of Vibhava, Anubhava and Vyabhicari Bhavas. The theory therefore connects the emotional content of drama with the aesthetic response of the audience. Bharata identifies eight principal Rasas in the Natyashastra: Shringara (love or erotic sentiment), Hasya (comic sentiment), Karuna (pathos or compassion), Raudra (anger or fury), Vira (heroism), Bhayanaka (fear), Bibhatsa (disgust), and Adbhuta (wonder). Each Rasa is associated with a corresponding permanent emotional state or Sthayi Bhava. Shringara arises from Rati or love, Hasya from Hasa or laughter, Karuna from Shoka or sorrow, Raudra from Krodha or anger, Vira from Utsaha or energy and courage, Bhayanaka from Bhaya or fear, Bibhatsa from Jugupsa or aversion, and Adbhuta from Vismaya or wonder. Later Indian aesthetic tradition, particularly through Abhinavagupta’s interpretation, added Shanta Rasa, associated with tranquility, as the ninth major Rasa. Rasa should not be understood as an ordinary emotion experienced in everyday life. A spectator watching a tragic play may experience sorrow, but the sorrow generated by drama is different from _______ _______ _________ _________ ______ ____ _____ _________ __________ _________ _______ _____.
_________ __________ ________ ______ ____ _________ ________.
_____ _________ _________ ___ _____ ________ _______ _________ _________ _____.
________ _______ _______ ____ ____ ____ __________.
_______ ____ _____ _______ _______ ______.
______ ___ ________ _____ ______ ________ ___ ____ ____ ____.
_____ ___ ____ ____ _________ ____ ____ _________ _______.
___ ____ ____ ______ ____ ___ ____.
___ ______ __________ __________ _________ _______.
____ ________ _____ _________ ________ ________ ________ ________ __________ ______ ____ _____.
___ _____ ________ _______ ________ ______ _______ ___ _____ ______ ____.
________ _____ ______ _____ _____ ______ _________.
_______ __________ __________ _________ _________ ____ ______.
________ ________ ________ _______ ____ ___.
______ ____ ______ ____ _______ ________ ____ ___ ______ _________ ____.
________ _______ __________ ______ ______ _________ _______ _________.
_______ ____ ____ ____ ______ ______ _________ ____ ___ _______ ___.
_______ __________ _____ ___ _______ __________ _________ ______ _____ _____.
__________ _______ _______ ______ ______ ____ _________ _________ ____ _____ _____.
___ ________ ______ ________ ___.
___ ________ _____ ________ ______ ___ ________.
_____ ______ ______ _________ _____ _________.
____ ___ ______ ______ _______.
_________ _____ _____ _____ __________ ____ __________ ______ ___ ________ __________.
________ _______ ____ _____ _________ ____ ________ _______ __________ __________.
______ ______ __________ _______ ___ ______ ________ __________ ________ __________ ____ ________.
____ _____ _______ ___ ______ _____ _________ _____.
__________ __________ _____ __________ __________ ______ _________ __________ ______ __________.
________ ___ __________ _____ ___ ________ ____ _______.
____ ______ _______ ____ ____ _________.
_________ _______ ______ ____ _______.
______ _________ ________ ______ _________ ____ ______ _______ __________ ______ _______.
______ ______ _______ _________ __________ ______ ____.
_________ ________ _____ _____ _______ ________.
______ ________ ______ _____ _________ _____ ____.
________ _____ ____ _________ _________ _____ _____ _______ __________ _________.
________ ______ ______ _________ _________ ____ _______ ____.
_______ ______ ______ ________ __________ __________ __________ _________ ________ _______ _________ _________.
_______ ___ ________ ___ _______ _____ ______ ____ __________ _____ ________ ___.
_____ _______ _______ ____ __________ ___ __________.
____ __________ ____ ______ ____ __________ __________ __________ _______.
______ ______ _____ __________ ____ ____ ____ _____ _______ __________.
_____ ___ ____ ___ ________ __________ _________ _______ _______ _____ ____.
_______ ______ _____ ____ _______.
_______ ___ __________ _______ ___.
____ ______ _________ ______ _________ _____ __________.
____ __________ _____ ___ _____ ___ ____ ________.
____ ______ ________ _____ ____ _________ __________ __________ _______ ______ _____ ______.
_______ ________ _________ ______ ______ _________ _______ _______ ______ __________.
_________ ____ _________ _______ ____ _______ ____ ____.
___ __________ _______ ____ __________ _________ _____ ____ ____ __________ _______ ________.
______ ________ ___ ___ _________ _______ _______ __________ __________ ________ __________ ____.
__________ __________ ___ _____ ________ _________ _________ _______ __________.
______ _____ ___ _________ _________ _____ __________ ______ _________.
_____ ____ ___ ______ ______ ___.
_____ _________ ________ __________ ________ ______.
___ ___ __________ _________ ____ _______ _________ ______ _______ __________ ___ ________.
_______ ____ __________ __________ _________ _________ _______ ____.
__________ ____ ________ ___ _______ _____ ________ ___ ____ _____ ____.
_________ ____ ___ ______ ___ ________ _____.
______ ________ ________ ______ _________ ___.
_____ _______ ________ ________ ________ ___ ____ __________ _____ ____ ______ ________.
__________ ______ _______ ___ _________.
____ __________ ___ __________ ___ ______ _____ _____ _____ __________ ___.
_________ __________ __________ ____ ______.
____ _________ _______ ____ ____.
__________ _______ ______ ___ ____ ______ _______ _____ ____ _____ ______ _________.
_________ _________ _________ ____ _______ ______ ___ _________.
______ _________ ________ _______ _______.
_________ _______ ________ ____ ______ ________ __________.
____ _______ ________ _____ __________ ______ ________ _______ __________ __________.
__________ ______ _______ ____ __________.
___ ______ ______ _____ ________ _____.
____ _________ ___ ________ __________ ______ ____.
__________ ___ __________ ___ ________ _________ _________ ______ __________ _______ ________ ____.
_______ _________ ____ _____ ________ ______ ____ ______ _______ _____ ____.
____ _________ ___ __________ ______ _________ _______ ____ ____ __________ _________ __________.
_____ ___ _________ ______ ______ _______ ______.
__________ ___ _____ ____ ____.
______ _________ _____ ___ ____.
________ _________ _______ _______ ________ _____ _______ ___ ____.
______ __________ __________ _____ ____ __________ ___.
_____ ______ _________ ______ __________ ___.
_________ ___ _______ ____ ___ _______ ___ ___ _____ ____.
____ _____ ____ _____ _________ ____ ________ _______ _______ _________ _________.
____ _________ __________ __________ _________ _______ _______ ______ _________ ____ ______ ________.
_____ ____ ________ _______ ____ ____.
_____ ______ __________ __________ ______ _______ _____ ____ _________ __________.
_______ __________ _________ ________ ____.
__________ ___ _________ ____ __________ __________ _______ _________ ____ ________ ____.
____ ___ ______ ___ __________ __________ _______ _________ _______ __________ ____.
______ ___ _____ ____ ____ ______ ______ _________ ___ ____ ________ ________.
_________ ________ ___ ________ ______ ______ _________ ___ __________.
_____ _________ ____ __________ ________.
___ ________ __________ _____ ___ _______ ___.
________ __________ __________ ________ ________ ___ _________ __________ ____ _______.
___ ______ ____ __________ ___ ________ ____ ______ ________.
_________ ______ _____ _________ ______ _______.
_________ _______ _________ ________ ____.
____ __________ _________ _____ _________.
__________ ___ ________ _______ ______ ________ __________ _____.
__________ ________ __________ __________ ___ _________.
____ _________ ____ ___ _________ ________ ________ _______ ________.
____ ________ ____ _______ __________ _________ ___ ___ ____ ______ _________ _______.
________ ________ ______ ____ ___ ________ _______ _______ ___ ________ _________.
_________ _____ __________ ___ _______ ________ ___ ________ __________ ___ _______ ______.
___ ___ ____ ___ ___ __________ ___.
_________ __________ _____ ____ _____ __________.
_______ ____ _______ _____ ________ ________ __________ ________ ____ _____.
______ ______ ________ ____ ___ ________ ______ ________ _____ _______ __________ __________.
____ __________ _____ ________ ___ _________ _____ ______ __________ _______.
______ _____ _________ ______ _________ _____ ___ __________ __________ ________ _________ _____.
_______ _________ _____ ________ ____ ____ ___ ____ _________ ___ _________.
____ _____ ______ ________ ___ _________ _____ ____.
_______ ______ ________ _______ __________ ______ ______ _____ ___.
______ _______ ____ _________ _____ _____ _________ ____ ______ _____ ______ ______.
____ ________ _____ _________ ________ _____.
________ ________ ______ ______ ________ _____ ___ ______ _____ ____.
___ _____ ____ ___ ________ ___.
_________ ___ _____ ____ ____ ______ _____ _________ ______ __________ _____ ________.
________ ______ ___ _______ _________ ___ __________.
____ _______ ______ _____ _______ _____ _____ _____ ____ ___ __________ _________.
_________ _______ ___ ____ _________ ____ ___ ___ ____ ________ __________.
______ ___ __________ ___ _________ ________.
_____ ___ _____ _____ __________ _____ _______ _________ __________.
________ _____ ____ _______ ____.
_______.
Get Full Answer on WhatsApp