Explain the regulation of lac operon in the absence and presence of lactose as an inducer.

Lac operon is an inducible operon in which presence of key metabolic substance i.e., lactose induces transcription of structural genes. Lac operon contains three structural genes, z, y and a. Gene-z codes for enzyme β-galactosidase which breaks down lactose into glucose and __________ ____ ______ ____ _____ _______ ______ _____ ______ ________ ________ ____.
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