Explain the principle and working of horizontal and vertical axis wind machines.

Wind machines are devices used to convert the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical energy, which can then be used for various applications such as electricity generation. There are two main types of wind machines based on their axis of rotation: horizontal axis wind machines (HAWTs) and vertical axis wind machines (VAWTs). Both have distinct principles of operation and structural designs.

Horizontal Axis Wind Machines (HAWTs):  
In a horizontal axis wind turbine, the rotor’s axis of rotation is parallel to the ground. This is the most commonly used design for large-scale electricity generation, and its operation is based on aerodynamic principles.

The working of HAWTs begins when the wind blows across the blades of the turbine, which are designed like airfoils. As the wind passes over the blades, it creates a pressure difference on either side of the blades, generating lift. The lift force causes the rotor ___ __________ __________ ________ _________ ________ __________ ______ _____ _________.
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