Explain the phenomenon of polarisation of a dielectric. Show that, when a dielectric material is filled between the plates of a capacitor, the value of capacitance increases by factor of K, the dielectric constant of the material.

Polarization of a dielectric material refers to the alignment of electric dipoles within the material under the influence of an external electric field. When a dielectric is placed in an electric field, the positive and negative charges within the molecules or atoms of the dielectric material are displaced slightly in opposite directions, creating dipoles. These dipoles tend to align with the applied electric field. Polarization thus refers to the process of generating these dipoles and the resultant alignment of these dipoles in the direction of the electric field.

In simple terms, when a dielectric material is subjected to an electric field, it undergoes polarization, which means the atoms or molecules of the material experience a shift in their electron clouds, leading to the creation of bound ___ ______ _________ _______ ____ _______.
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