Explain the lotus effect based on contact angle. Describe two practical applications of lotus effect.
The lotus effect is a phenomenon observed in certain natural surfaces, such as lotus leaves, where water droplets form nearly spherical shapes and easily roll off the surface, carrying dirt and contaminants with them. This effect arises due to a combination of surface roughness at the micro- and nanoscale and hydrophobicity of the surface material. The contact angle, which is _______ ________ ______ _______ ________ ___ _________.
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