Explain the Dick &Carey and Kary model for designing and instructional material. Give the main steps for this instructional design model.

The Dick & Carey model and the Kary model are both influential frameworks in instructional design, providing systematic approaches for developing effective educational materials and experiences. Both models emphasize the importance of aligning learning objectives with instructional strategies, assessment methods, and learner characteristics to ensure the delivery of successful learning experiences. The main steps and processes outlined in these models guide instructional designers in structuring and implementing instructional materials that cater to the needs of diverse learners and contexts. 

### Dick & Carey Model of Instructional Design

The Dick & Carey model, often referred to as the “Systems Approach Model,” is widely recognized for its clear, step-by-step process in developing instructional materials. This model, first introduced in the 1970s by Walter Dick and Lou Carey, is based on a systems theory that views instructional design as a dynamic process involving interrelated components. The model focuses on the goal of creating an effective learning experience by analyzing and addressing each part of the instructional design systematically. The key steps in this model are as follows:

1. Identify Instructional Goals
   The first step in the Dick & Carey model is identifying the instructional goals, which are broad statements that define what learners should be able to achieve at the end of the course or lesson. These goals should be specific, measurable, and aligned with the needs of the learners and the educational context. Instructional goals provide a clear direction for all subsequent phases of the instructional design process.

2. Conduct Instructional Analysis
   Once the goals are defined, the instructional analysis phase involves breaking down the broad goals into specific learning objectives. This step identifies the skills, knowledge, and _______ ______ _____ __________ _____ ________ _____ ___ ______ ______.
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