Explain the classification of amino acids based on structure and metabolic fate.
Amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, can be classified in several ways based on their structure and metabolic fate. These classifications are essential to understand their role in the body and how they contribute to protein synthesis and various metabolic pathways.
### Classification Based on Structure
Amino acids are primarily classified according to the complexity and characteristics of their side chains (R groups). There are two main categories of amino acids based on their structure:
1. Nonpolar (Hydrophobic) Amino Acids: These amino acids have side chains that do not interact well with water. The side chains are generally composed of carbon and hydrogen atoms. Nonpolar amino acids are typically found in the interior of protein structures, away from the aqueous environment. Examples of nonpolar amino acids include glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, _____ _____ ___ __________ ___ __________ ___ __________ ______.
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