Explain the basic principles of EIA?

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is a systematic process used to evaluate the potential environmental impacts of a proposed project or development. It aims to ensure that decision-makers consider environmental factors in their planning processes. EIA is an essential tool for assessing the likely consequences of projects on the environment before they are implemented, helping to minimize negative environmental effects and promoting sustainable development. The principles of EIA are grounded in a set of guidelines and practices that facilitate environmental protection while supporting development goals. These principles can be categorized as follows:

1. Preventive Approach  
One of the core principles of EIA is its preventive nature. Rather than being a post-development corrective measure, EIA is designed to predict and mitigate potential environmental impacts before a project is implemented. It encourages planners and developers to consider environmental factors from the early stages of planning. By identifying potential risks and hazards before they occur, the EIA process helps to prevent irreversible environmental degradation. This principle emphasizes that the environmental impact should be considered in project design and planning, rather than addressing problems after they arise.

2. Holistic and Integrated Approach  
EIA adopts a holistic and integrated approach, which means that it takes into account _____ ________ __________ ____ _______ __________ __________.
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