Explain the approaches adopted in India to measure ‘poverty

In India, measuring poverty is a complex and multifaceted endeavor, given the country's diverse socio-economic landscape and the prevalence of income disparities. Over the years, several approaches have been adopted to measure poverty, each offering a unique perspective on the issue. These approaches aim to capture different dimensions of poverty, taking into account both monetary and non-monetary aspects of well-being. Here, we will discuss the key approaches used to measure poverty in India.

1. Income-based Approaches:
   a. Poverty Line: The most widely recognized method for measuring poverty in India is the poverty line approach. The Planning Commission of India, now replaced by NITI Aayog, established poverty lines based on the level of income required to satisfy minimum nutritional requirements. These __________ ________ ________ ____ _________ _____ ________ _______ ______ ____ _________.
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