Explain pathophysiology of acute gastrointestinal bleeding, with the help of a flow chart.

Pathophysiology of Acute Gastrointestinal (GI) Bleeding

Acute gastrointestinal bleeding refers to the rapid onset of bleeding in the digestive tract, classified as upper or lower GI bleeding based on the source. The pathophysiology involves disruption of the mucosal integrity or vascular structures in the GI tract, leading to bleeding. The primary causes differ between upper and lower GI bleeding, but the processes share common mechanisms of mucosal injury, hemodynamic response, and compensatory mechanisms.

Pathophysiology of Upper GI Bleeding

1. Etiological Factors:

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