Explain glycolytic pathway with suitable diagram.

The glycolytic pathway, also known as glycolysis, is a fundamental metabolic pathway that occurs in the cytoplasm of both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. It is responsible for the breakdown of glucose molecules to generate energy in the form of ATP. Glycolysis is an anaerobic process, meaning it does not require oxygen, and it plays a crucial role in cellular metabolism. The pathway consists of a series of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions, divided into two phases: the energy investment phase and the energy generation phase.

In the first phase, the energy investment phase, glucose (a six-carbon molecule) is phosphorylated twice to form fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. This phase requires the input of two ATP molecules, which are used to phosphorylate glucose and its subsequent intermediate. The first reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme hexokinase or glucokinase (in the liver), which _____ ___ ___ ___ __________ ___ _______ ___ ________ _____.
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