Explain distribution ratio. Discuss the distribution of benzoic acid between benzene and water.

Distribution ratio, also known as partition coefficient, is a measure of how a solute distributes or partitions between two immiscible phases, typically a polar and a nonpolar phase. It is defined as the ratio of the concentration of the solute in one phase to its concentration in the other phase at equilibrium.

The distribution of benzoic acid between benzene and water is a common example used to illustrate the concept of distribution ratio. Benzoic acid is a weak acid that can dissociate partially in water to form ____ _________ __________ ____ ____ _____ ______ _________ _______ ________ _______ ____.
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