Explain any three immunological techniques with suitable examples and diagram.

Immunological techniques are crucial tools in the field of immunology, helping researchers and clinicians study the immune system and its responses to various stimuli. Three widely used immunological techniques are enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry, and Western blotting.

1. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA):
   ELISA is a highly sensitive immunological technique used for the detection and quantification of specific proteins, such as antigens or antibodies, in a sample. The basic principle involves the binding of a target molecule to a solid surface, followed by the addition of a specific antibody linked to an enzyme. _______ ______ _______ ___ ____ _________ _________.
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