Examine various principles of participation and also analyze its constraints.

Four key principles—accountability, transparency, participation, and inclusion—have in recent years become nearly universal features of the policy statements and programs of international development organizations. Yet this apparently widespread new consensus is deceptive: behind the ringing declarations lie fundamental fissures over the value and application of these concepts. Understanding and addressing these divisions is crucial to ensuring that the four principles become fully embedded in international development work.

An Incomplete Bridge

Accountability, transparency, participation, and inclusion represent vital embodiments of the opening to politics that occurred in development work in the 1990s. They bridge three distinct practitioner communities that emerged ____ _____ _________ ___ ____ __________ _____ _________ ____ ____.
________ ____ __________ _________ _____ ___ ________.
_________ _______ _________ ____ ______.
___ ___ ___ _________ ______ ______ ___ _____ ________ _________.
_______ _______ ___ __________ ___ ____ ____ __________ ____.
_________ ______ ________ ______ ____ __________ ____ ______ ______ _______ _____.
_______ __________ ____ __________ _____ _____ ________ _______ ________.
___ ______ ______ _______ ___ _____ ______ ______ _________ __________ _________.
____ ___ ________ ____ ___ ______ _______ ________ ___ _________.
__________ ____ ______ ______ ______ _____.
_____ ________ ____ _____ _______ ________ _____ _________ _____ __________ __________.
___ ____ _____ _________ _______ _________ _____.
_________ ______ __________ ________ ______ _______ __________ ______ _____.
__________ _______ _______ ___ __________.
________ _________ ___ _____ ______ _______ ___ ____ ________.
__________ ____ ______ ___ ______.
____ _________ _____ _____ _____ _______ _____.
_______ _________ ____ ______ ___ _______ ____ _____.
___ ___ _________ __________ _________ ____ ___ ________ __________ _____ ___.
_________ _______ ________ _______ _____ ___ ________ ____ ____ ___ ___.
______ ___ ___ _____ ________ ___ ___ __________ _______ _______ __________ ________.
_______ __________ ______ ____ ______ ________ ______ _____.
__________ __________ ______ ___ ______ _________ _________.
________ _______ _________ _________ _______ ___ __________ ______ _____ ____ __________.
_______ ______ ____ _____ __________ ________ _______ ______.
______ ___ ________ __________ _______ _______ ___ _________ ___.
_______ _____ _____ ___ ________ _____ ____.
_____ ____ ________ _______ ______ _________ ____ ______ ______ ____.
_________ ___ _______ ___ _____ __________ ___ ____ ________ ______ _________ ___.
______ ______ ____ ____ _______ __________ _______ _____ ____ __________ ________.
____ ___ _____ __________ __________ _________ _____.
__________ ______ _____ ____ ________ ____ _______ ________ _________ _______.
_________ _______ ________ ______ _____ _______ _________ ______ _______ _________ ____ __________.
___ ________ __________ ____ ______.
Get Full Answer on WhatsApp