Question

 Examine the historical and structural factors that perpetuate socio-economic marginalization
in India. Suggest a comprehensive framework of institutional, policy, and affirmative action
measures required to achieve genuinely inclusive development.

18 Aug 2026
Answer :
Word Count : 549
# Historical and Structural Factors Behind Socio-Economic Marginalization in India Socio-economic marginalization in India is rooted in a combination of historical inequalities and contemporary structural barriers. Although economic growth and constitutional safeguards have improved opportunities for many groups, caste, tribe, gender, class, religion, region and disability continue to influence access to resources, employment, education and political power. Historically, the caste system created a rigid hierarchy based on birth, occupational restrictions and social exclusion. Dalits and other historically disadvantaged communities experienced untouchability, segregation and denial of access to land, education and public institutions. Tribal communities were similarly marginalized through colonial forest policies, land alienation and displacement. Colonial rule also reinforced ____ __________ _________ ___ ____ ________ ________ ________ ____ ______ __________ ______.
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