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The *Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016* (RPWD Act) is a landmark legislation in India that replaces the earlier Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act, 1995. The 2016 Act aligns Indian law with the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD), which India ratified in 2007. It expands the definition of disability, enhances the rights and entitlements of persons with disabilities (PwDs), and incorporates a rights-based approach over the earlier welfare-based model. The RPWD Act, 2016, adopts an inclusive and gender-sensitive framework. It acknowledges the intersectionality of gender and disability and mandates non-discrimination and equal opportunity in all spheres. The Act consists of various provisions that aim to empower PwDs, especially women and children, in alignment with broader constitutional mandates and international human rights standards. Expanded Definition and Recognition of Disabilities The RPWD Act broadens the types of disabilities recognized by law from 7 to 21 conditions, including neurological, blood disorders, intellectual and learning disabilities, speech and language disability, acid attack victims, and multiple disabilities. This expansion ensures that legal protection is extended to a much wider range of individuals. Importantly, the Act also defines “persons with benchmark disabilities” as those with at least 40% of a specified disability, qualifying them for specific rights, entitlements, and reservations ______ _____ ________ _______ _____.
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