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Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, proposed a comprehensive theory of personality that emphasizes the influence of unconscious processes on human behavior. His psychoanalytical theory forms one of the foundational frameworks for understanding personality in psychological counselling. According to Freud, personality is shaped by dynamic interactions among three structural components: the id, ego, and superego. The id represents the instinctual and unconscious part of personality, driven by the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification for basic drives such as hunger, thirst, and sexual impulses. The ego, operating on the reality principle, mediates between the unrealistic demands of the id and the external world, helping an individual make rational decisions and delay gratification. The superego embodies internalized moral standards and ideals, often learned from parents and _______ ____ __________ ____ _______ ______ _____ ______ _______.
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