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Translation has played a transformative role in social reform movements by enabling the circulation of progressive ideas across linguistic, cultural, and geographical boundaries. In multilingual societies, translation functions not only as a linguistic process but also as a political and ideological act. It facilitates the exchange of knowledge, challenges social hierarchies, and empowers marginalized communities by making important texts accessible to wider audiences. Within the framework of the politics of translation, translation becomes an instrument for constructing new social realities, negotiating power relations, and promoting democratic values. Social reform movements have historically relied on translation to spread ideas related to equality, justice, education, and human rights. Reformers understood that meaningful change could occur only when people could access knowledge in their own languages. Translation helped bridge the gap between elite and common populations by transforming complex philosophical, religious, and political texts into forms that ordinary people could understand. It democratized knowledge and weakened the monopoly of privileged classes over education and information. In India, __________ _____ _______ ____ ___.
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