Discuss Thomas Hardy’s philosophical views. In what way is his philosophy as expressed in Far From the Madding Crowd different from that in later novels like The Mayor of Casterbridge?

Thomas Hardy, the renowned English novelist and poet of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, is known for his distinctive philosophical outlook, which evolved over the course of his literary career. His philosophical views, as expressed in his novels, are shaped by his deep engagement with the socio-cultural changes of his time, his fascination with the natural world, and his exploration of the human condition. While Hardy's overall philosophical stance remains consistent in many respects, there are notable differences in the way he expresses his philosophy in novels like "Far From the Madding Crowd" and "The Mayor of Casterbridge."

Thomas Hardy's Philosophical Views:
Thomas Hardy's philosophical outlook can be characterized by several key themes and ideas:

1. Determinism vs. Free Will: One of the central philosophical dilemmas that permeates Hardy's works is the tension between determinism and free will. Hardy often portrays his characters as being subject to the whims of fate, societal pressures, and their own inherent natures. This deterministic perspective ______ ____ ________ __________ __________ _____ ______ __________.
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