Discuss the sound and spelling in English. Examine the symbols for the consonants, and talk about the sound each symbol stands for.

A consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract. A consonant sound makes a block of air as it leaves the body. As there are 26 letters in English Alphabet. A.E,I,O,U are 5 vowel letters and rest 21 are consonant letters.  

b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, w, x, y, z

We get 24 consonant sounds from these 21 consonant letters.

/ p /

 / f /

/ tʃ  /

 / l /

/ b /

/ v /

 / dʒ /

 / ʃ /

  / t /

 / θ /

 / m /

 / ʒ /

/ d /

 / ð /

/ n /

 / h/

/ k /

/ s  /

 / ŋ /

 / j /

  / g /

/ z /

 / r  /

/ w /

These 24 consonant sounds can be grouped into two groups:-

1) Voiced Consonants  

2)Unvoiced or voiceless Consonants

Voiced Consonants:

When the vocal cords vibrate fully while pronouncing consonant sound that consonant is called voiced.

/b/bit, clubs, job

/d/day, ladder, lid

/g/get, eggs, bag

/v/view , heavy, move

/ð/this, other, clothe

/ ʒ /    pleasure, vision

/dʒ/    judge , age, large

/ z /zoo, buzzed, lose

Unvoiced Consonants:

We get unvoiced consonant when the vocal cords do not vibrate while pronouncing the consonant. 

/p /        pin, spin, happen

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