Discuss the salient aspects of the Hyderabad administrative set up. 

The Hyderabad state, established under the Asaf Jahi dynasty in the early 18th century, was one of the most prominent princely states in India during the mid-18th to mid-19th century. Its administrative structure was shaped by a blend of Mughal traditions, local governance practices, and the emerging pressures of British colonialism. The Hyderabad state developed a distinctive administrative system to maintain control over its diverse and expansive territories.

### Foundation and Hierarchical Framework

The administrative setup of Hyderabad was heavily influenced by its foundation under Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah I, who declared independence from the Mughal Empire in 1724. The Nizam adopted a feudal system that combined centralized control with local governance. The Nizam functioned as the supreme authority, both as the head of the state and the military commander. Below him was a network of officials who managed revenue, law and order, and administration.

The state was divided into several administrative divisions, called *sarkars* or *subas*, which were further divided into *parganas* and villages. At each level, the governance was managed by officials appointed by the Nizam, creating a _________ _____ ___ _______ _________ ________ __________.
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