Discuss the role of protoncogenus and tumor suppressor genes in the development of cancer. Give example of each.

Proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes play crucial roles in the regulation of cell growth and division. Mutations in these genes can lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation, ultimately contributing to the development of cancer.  

Proto-oncogenes are normal genes that encode proteins responsible for promoting cell growth, differentiation, and survival. They play essential roles in various cellular processes, such as signal transduction and transcription regulation. However, when proto-oncogenes undergo mutations, they become oncogenes—abnormal genes that drive uncontrolled cell division and tumor ______ __________ ____ ________ ______ _______.
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