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Alfred Weber’s Theory of Industrial Location, propounded in 1909, is one of the earliest systematic attempts to explain the spatial distribution of industries. The theory seeks to identify the optimal location for an industry where the cost of production is minimized, particularly focusing on transport costs, labour costs, and agglomeration forces. A review of this theory involves examining its assumptions, core concepts, contributions, and limitations within the context of economic geography. Weber assumed an isotropic plain with uniform physical, economic, and social conditions, except for the location of raw materials, markets, and labour. He considered transport costs as the most decisive factor influencing industrial location, especially in a period when transportation was expensive and industrial production was material-intensive. By using the concept of the “locational triangle,” Weber explained how industries choose a site ____ ____ _____ ___ _________.
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