Discuss the methods of reserve estimation with neat diagrams.

Reserve estimation is a crucial process in ore geology and industrial minerals, helping to determine the amount of economically extractable material in a deposit. Several methods are used to estimate reserves, and each depends on the characteristics of the deposit, the quality of data available, and the scale of the operation. These methods can broadly be classified into geological, geostatistical, and mathematical techniques. Here, we will discuss the primary methods of reserve estimation, providing a basic understanding of their application in ore geology and industrial minerals.

1. Geological Method (Qualitative Estimation):
The geological method is the simplest and most direct form of reserve estimation. It involves studying the geological characteristics of a mineral deposit through surface mapping, trenching, drilling, and core sampling. Based on the observed geological features, reserves are estimated qualitatively, often in terms of high, medium, and low-grade ores. 

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