Discuss the effect of Temperature on seed germination and flowering of Horticultural plants.

Temperature plays a critical role in the growth, development, and reproductive cycles of horticultural plants. It influences various physiological processes, including seed germination and flowering, which are essential stages for successful cultivation. Both excessively high and low temperatures can disrupt these processes, affecting the overall yield and quality of the plants.

Seed germination is the initial stage of plant development, where the seed transitions from a dormant state to an active growing phase. Temperature is one of the most significant factors influencing this process. Each plant species has a specific range of temperatures, known as the optimal temperature range, within which it can efficiently germinate. Below or above this range, the germination rate can decrease or completely halt.

For most seeds, a moderate temperature range between 15°C and 30°C is ideal for germination. At these temperatures, enzymatic activity ____ ____ ________ _________ ________ ______ __________ __________ ____.
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