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Self-regulation in the media refers to the voluntary adherence to ethical standards, codes of conduct, and professional norms by media organizations without direct intervention from the government or statutory bodies. This system is based on the idea that the media, as the fourth estate of democracy, must maintain its independence and accountability through its internal mechanisms. Self-regulation encourages journalistic responsibility, upholds press freedom, and ensures that ethical boundaries are respected while covering sensitive issues. It offers a middle path between complete state control and unrestricted press freedom, promoting credibility, accountability, and public trust. In practice, self-regulation operates through bodies such as press councils, editorial guidelines, ombudsmen, and peer reviews. These institutions aim to address complaints from the public, maintain journalistic integrity, and uphold standards related to accuracy, fairness, privacy, and public interest. Globally, several countries have developed effective self-regulatory frameworks. For instance, the UK’s Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO) oversees the British newspaper and magazine industry, providing a platform for grievance redressal and ensuring adherence to the Editors’ Code of Practice. In the United States, the Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ) has outlined a code of ethics that many media houses voluntarily follow, emphasizing principles such as minimizing harm, seeking truth, and acting independently. In India, self-regulation has emerged as a response to the increasing demand for accountability in both print and electronic media. The Press Council of India (PCI), established under the Press Council Act, 1978, acts as a quasi-judicial body to uphold journalistic standards in the print media. It has the power to ______ ________ ________ ________ ______ _______ ______ ____ ___ ______.
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