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The public service approach to the study of public administration emphasizes the role of government and bureaucratic institutions in delivering services to the citizens in an effective, efficient, and equitable manner. This approach views public administration primarily as a mechanism for implementing policies, providing essential services, and ensuring the welfare of the society. Unlike approaches that focus on administrative processes or management techniques alone, the public service perspective highlights the moral, social, and ethical dimensions of administration, arguing that public officials have a duty to serve the public interest above private or political gains. At the core of the public service approach is the concept of the civil service as a professional and neutral body responsible for executing governmental policies. The approach assumes that government administration should not merely be a tool for political objectives but should operate as an instrument for public welfare. Public administrators are therefore seen as public servants whose loyalty is to the constitution, the law, and the citizens, rather than to individual political leaders or parties. This conception has its roots in classical ideas of bureaucracy, especially the principles outlined by Max Weber, who emphasized a systematic and rule-based administrative framework that ensures impartiality, predictability, and accountability. The public service approach also stresses the ethical dimension of administration. Public servants are expected to adhere to values such as integrity, transparency, accountability, and impartiality. The approach recognizes that administration is not merely about following procedures but involves a moral commitment to promote the common good. In this context, administrative discretion is not seen as ______ _____ _________ ___ _________ _________ _________ _____ ________.
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