Describe the wastes generated by the industries. How can these wastes be managed?

Types of industrial wastes 

Industrial waste can be divided into following two types –

Biodegradable industrial waste

Non – biodegradable industrial waste 

Biodegradable wastes – Those waste materials which can be decomposed into simpler unharmful substances by the action of microorganisms are called biodegradable wastes. Some industries such as the paper industry, food industry, sugar industry, wool industry etc. mostly produce biodegradable industrial wastes. Management of these wastes can be done at low cost and easily. 

Non-biodegradable wastes – Non-biodegradable waste cannot be further decomposed via the action of the microorganisms. Such waste is the major source of toxins in the landfills. Chemicals, metals, plastics, paints, rubber etc. are examples of non-biodegradable wastes. These materials can remain as landfills for thousands of years without any damage. Toxins from metals and plastics get soaked into the earth and pollute the soil and water sources. Cleaning materials such detergent, phenols etc. producing industries, coal industries, dying industries etc. produce a large amount of non-biodegradable industrial waste. These types of wastes are difficult to manage and very toxic in nature. 

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