Describe the various models of social action and their characteristics.

There are two main models of social action as given by Britto (1984). They are:

1) Elitist Social Action

2) Popular Social Action

When social action is carried out by the elite exclusively or with marginal participation of the masses,it is termed as 'elitist social action'. Elite social action is essentially a group action. The other model of social action is termed 'popular social action' in which either the elite incorporate the clientele in the process or the beneficiaries themselves carry it out. Three sub-models can be identified in each type of social action. Let us take a look at both tne models in some detail.

(1) Elitist Social Action: It is the action initiated and conducted by the elites for the benefit of the masses. In this model of social action, general public or the target group is not involved.

IT'S CHARACTERISTICS:- 

1) Legislative Social Action Model: It is a process in which elite groups conduct studies on the gravity, extent and urgency of the problems, create public opinion and lobby to try to modify the social policy. Here, the general population or the target group is not involved directly in the process. Some elites either themselves or along with like-minded individuals take-up the social issues, which they think can be related to the pressing problem. They do lobbying and other similar activities in order to achieve some benefits for the entire segment of people or prevent some maladies from affecting their clientele or to remove some problem that is hindering their growth.

2) Economic Sanction Model: _______ ____ _____ _________ ___.
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